Complete the crossword, then click on "Check" to check your answer. If you are stuck, you can click on "Hint" to get a free letter. Click on a number in the grid to see the clue or clues for that number.

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Across: 1. As cliffs become eroded down to beach level they appear to migrate inland. The remains of the former cliffs form a flat rock platform. 4. When a wave breaks against a cliff it causes air ,trapped within cracks, to suddenly become compressed. As the water retreats the air is allowed to expand, often explosively. Repeated expansion and contraction of the cracks leads to the break up of the surrounding rock. 5. When a natural arch collapses, the remaining upright sections form these isolated rocks sticking up out of the sea. 8. Coastal areas which have become lowered below current sea level. The cause is almost always a rise in sea level in consequence of ice melting since the last ice age. 11. A current taking water away from the beach and out into deeper water. 12. Coastal areas which have become raised above current sea level. The cause is believed to be isostatic adjustment. 13. A ridge of material to the landward side of the normal beach. During storm conditions the waves may have sufficient power to throw material beyond the usual range ( between high and low water marks ). Such material will remain in place for a considerable time, being added to by subsequent violent storms. 15. This type of coast occurs when valleys parallel to the coast become flooded by the sea. As the land becomes submerged, the ridges of land between the valleys become chains of islands parallel to the new coast. The area of water between the island chains are sometimes referred to as sounds. 18. The margin of the land. Where the margin consists of cliffs, it is known as the Cliff line 19. When waves break on to a beach at an angle, material is pushed up the beach at an angle by the swash, but pulled back down the beach by the backwash at ninety degrees to the coast. In consequence, material is slowly moved along the coast, in the direction of the waves. 20. When a non-glaciated highland coast becomes submerged, the valleys fill with sea water. As the area becomes flooded the coast becomes indented and higher parts of the surrounding land may become islands. Plymouth Sound and Southampton Water are examples in the United Kingdom. 23. When a spit extends across the mouth of a river, to the extent that it causes the river to become diverted along the coast, an area of water is created separated from the sea by a narrow strip of land. 25. When waves break at a rate of more than ten per minute each wave is able to run up the beach but unable to drain back again before the next wave arrives. Thus the backwash of the previous wave interferes with the swash, reducing it's efficiency. Such waves remove material from a beach. 26. A wide indentation into the land by the sea, protected on each side by a headland. The water is usually relatively shallow; the wave action less strong than at the headlands. 27. A steep, and usually high, rock face found at the edge of the land where it meets the sea. 28. This distance of open water over which the wind can blow and form waves. 30. A narrow ridge of material ( sand or pebbles ) attached to the mainland at one end and terminating in the sea. It may extend sufficiently to form a lagoon. 31. A gently sloping deposit of sand, pebbles or mud, deposited along the coast. 32. A bar linking an island to the mainland. 33. Areas of harder rocks tend to resist the erosive powers of the sea. The resulting area of land, jutting out into the sea, is a ... 34. Solid matter carried by water, including material in solution, material suspended in the water, and larger material moved along the water / ground interface.

Down: 2. This is a form of wave erosion. Pebbles, boulders and rocks are thrown against the cliff face by breaking waves. This causes undercutting of the cliff and leads to the breakup of both the cliff and the objects being thrown against it. 3. When caves, which have developed on either side of a headland, join together they form a natural ... 6. The daily movements of the sea 7. A weakness, such as a joint, is enlarged by wave action, finally creating a cylindrical tunnel which follows the line of weakness. 9. When waves break at a rate of ten or less per minute each wave is able to run up the beach and drain back again before the next wave arrives. The swash is more powerful than the backwash so deposition can occur. 10. The movement of water in a breaking wave as it moves up the beach. 14. A valley flooded due to submergence under the sea along a longitudinal coast is sometimes called a ... 16. The mouth of a river where fresh water and sea water mix, and tides have an effect. 17. A joint between a sea cave and the land surface above the cave becomes enlarged and air can pass through it. As water flows into the cave, air is expelled through the pipe like joint, sometimes producing an impressive blast of air or spray which appears to emanate from the ground. 21. The process whereby rock particles wear down through collisions with other rock particles. This often occurs when pebbles are thrown against cliffs, boulders or other pebbles, causing them to shatter and break. 22. Gently sloping coasts where fine sediments can settle, perhaps together with river sediments, can allow the build up of mud as sheets known as ... 24. Water moves up a beach as a wave breaks. This is called the swash. The return movement of the water, back down the beach, is called ... 29. This type of inlet is typically steep sided and deep, and is found along glaciated coasts. 31. A ridge of sand or shingle which forms across the mouth of a river, the entrance to a bay or harbour. It is usually parallel to the coast.